ABSTRACT
Introdução: a partir dos anos 1980, a epidemia de HIV/aids tornou-se um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública mundial e, mesmo que a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos que vivem com esta condição tenha me-lhorado nos anos 1990, pelo uso da terapia antirretroviral, ainda ocorre uma alta taxa de infecção pelo vírus.Objetivo: informar sobre a notificação compulsória de indivíduos que vivem com HIV/aids, assim como a relevância de alertar os profissionais de saúde quanto à sua importância em tal função. Materiais e método:a busca de artigos foi realizada em três plataformas internacionais e nacionais de dados (PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs), usando descritores do DeSC e MeSH. Devido à quase ausência de artigos pertinentes ao assunto, também foram consultados sites, boletins epidemiológicos, cadernos e guias publicados pelo Ministério da Saúde, assim como leis e portarias de acesso on-line e o Código de Ética Odontológico. Resultados: seguindo critérios de exclusão, dez trabalhos foram selecionados para centralização e discussão do assunto abordado. É obrigatório que profissionais de saúde, no território nacional, comuniquem às autoridades sobre novas ocorrências de infecção pelo HIV/aids. É escassa a literatura atual sobre o assunto, principalmente envolven-do cirurgiões-dentistas.Conclusão: a notificação compulsória realizada por outros profissionais é diferente da preconizada, visto que casos são subnotificados e, muitas vezes, outros profissionais de saúde não se encontram preparados para tal execução ou até mesmo desconhecem a função que devem realizar. (AU)
Introduction: From the 1980s, the aids epidemic has become one of the greatest public health problems in the world. Even though the quality of life of individuals living with HIV/aids has improved in the 1990s through antiretroviral therapy, there is still a high rate of infection by the virus. Objective: This study aims to inform on the mandatory reporting of individuals living with HIV/aids and the relevance of alerting health professionals on the importance of such reporting. Materials and method: Studies were searched in three international (PubMed) and Brazilian (Scielo and Lilacs) databases using DeSC and MeSH descriptors. Due to the near absence of articles related to the subject, websites, epidemiological bulletins, notes, and guides published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health such as Laws and Ordinances with online access and the Code of Dental Ethics were also consulted. Results: Following the exclusion criteria, ten studies were selected for centralizing and discussing the subject matter. It is mandatory that health professionals in the national territory communicate the authorities about new occurrences of HIV/aids infection. The current literature on the subject is scarce, especially for dentists. Conclusion: The mandatory reporting performed by other professionals is different from the recommendation, considering that, often, cases are underreported and other health care professionals are either not prepared to perform or even unaware of the role they should play. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Disease Notification , Dentist's Role , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease Notification/legislation & jurisprudence , Ethics, DentalSubject(s)
Humans , Global Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Disease Notification/legislation & jurisprudence , Disease Notification/methods , Health Information Systems/instrumentation , Health Information Systems/legislation & jurisprudence , International Cooperation , Voluntary Health Agencies , Death Certificates , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Global Health/statistics & numerical data , Healthy People Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , Government ProgramsABSTRACT
Estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo dirigido a identificar mecanismos y acciones que contribuyan a armonizar la vigilancia de la salud interfronteriza para dar respuestas oportunas y efectivas a eventos que puedan amenazar la seguridad sanitaria internacional. Se analizaron las capacidades de Brasil, Colombia y Perú en tres áreas: a) marco legal y administrativo; b) capacidad para detectar, evaluar y notificar situaciones de riesgo y c) capacidad para investigar, intervenir y comunicar situaciones de riesgo sanitario internacional. La recolección de datos se hizo mediante revisión documental, talleres, trabajo grupal y entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave de la vigilancia sanitaria en los tres países. El promedio nacional de capacidades para el trío de países en "marco legal y administrativo" fue de 69,4 por ciento; en "capacidad para detectar, evaluar y notificar", 83,3 por ciento, y en "capacidad para investigar, intervenir y comunicar situaciones de riesgo", 78,7 por ciento. Se deben dirigir más recursos hacia acciones coordinadas entre los tres países para fortalecer la vigilancia y el control de la salud pública en sus zonas de frontera.
A quantitative and qualitative study to identify mechanisms and actions to help harmonize cross-border health surveillance and provide a timely and effective response to events that may threaten international health security. The capacities of Brazil, Colombia, and Peru were analyzed in three areas: (a) the legal and administrative framework; (b) the ability to detect, evaluate, and report risk situations and (c) the ability to investigate, intervene in, and communicate international health risk situations. Data were collected through a document review, workshops, group work, and semistructured interviews with key individuals in health surveillance in the three countries. The average national capacity for the trio of countries within "the legal and administrative framework" was 69.4 percent; 83.3 percent in "the ability to detect, evaluate and report"; and 78.7 percent in "the ability to investigate, intervene in, and communicate international health risk situations." More resources should be directed toward coordinated action among the three countries in order to strengthen surveillance and public health monitoring in their border areas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Emigration and Immigration , International Cooperation , Population Surveillance , Public Health , Global Health , Brazil/epidemiology , Colombia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Notification/economics , Disease Notification/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Promotion , Interinstitutional Relations , International Cooperation/legislation & jurisprudence , Models, Theoretical , Peru/epidemiology , Public Health Administration , Risk , Global Health/economics , Global Health/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
La Coordinación Sida, desde su creación ha basado su gestión en la construcción de un modelo participativo con un horizonte estratégico político en todas sus acciones. El fortalecimiento de las capacidades autónomas del equipo así como la de los efectores, ha sido la estrategia principal en la prevención de la transmisión vertical del VIH (TV) dentro del sistema público de salud en la CABA. El propósito del presente artículo es describir esta trayectoria, tomando tres ejes principales: un modelo de gestión basado en el acompañamiento de los equipos, los aportes de la vigilancia epidemiológica y la investigación aplicada. El análisis de estas líneas de trabajo permitió identificar aciertos y obstáculos que permiten fortalecer las estrategias implementadas para reducir la tasa de TV.
Since its creation, Coordinación Sida has based its management on the creation of a participative model with a political strategic horizon in all of its actions. Strengthening the has been the main strategy aimed at preventing HIV vertical transmission within the public healthcare system in the City of Buenos Aires. The objective of this article is describing Coordinación Sida's background with special emphasis on three axes: a management model based on team follow-up, its contribution to epidemiological surveillance and applied research. The analysis of these work lines allowed to identify both success and obstacles, both of them allow to strengthen the strategies applied for reducing the vertical transmission rate.